The board of trustees of the royal botanic gardens, kew. The aim of this study was to identify and define the phases of dormancy in dioscorea rotundata tubers, and to produce a framework within which. Pdf studies on nanobiotechnology control of postharvest rot in. Studies on nanobiotechnology control of postharvest rot in yam. Oct 31, 2005 white guinea yam dioscorea rotundata by michaelp oct 31, 2005 7. This study aims to determine the lethal dose of gamma rays that may cause yam can grow 50 percent ld 50 in mv1 generation, and also wanted to know the effect of gamma ray irradiation dose on. Vine cuttings technology in food yam discorea rotundata. To paraphrase david, edible bulbiferas are hard to find.
Field performance of seed yam dioscorea rotundata poir derived from tissue culture and aeroponics seedlings. The aplication of mutation induction by gamma irradiation on. Storage rot of some yams dioscorea spp in keffi and. The domestication of yams dioscorea cayenensisrotundata is still an active process in west africa, but so far no specific research has been conducted to collect the knowledge held by traditional societies in which the yam is an important part of civilization. First report of meloidogyne enterolobii causing tuber. Yam dioscorea rotundata genotypes that were used are ogoja, meccakusa, danacha and tdr8902665. Phases of dormancy in yam tubers dioscorea rotundata. Dansi a, mignouna hd, zoundjihekpon j, sangare a, asiedu r, ahoussou n 2000 using isozyme polymorphism to assess genetic variation within cultivated yams dioscorea cayenensisdioscorea rotundata complex of the republic of benin. Impact of the adapted yam minisett technique on ware yam. Dioscorea rotundata is the most popular variety of yams grown in nigeria and over 600 species are cultivated all over the world 3. Yam, a tropical crop in the genus dioscorea, has as many as 600 species out of which six are economically important staple species. Examining the physicochemical, functional and rheological.
Dioscorea rotundata ufenyi and dioscorea bulbifera wild were used in interspecific hybridization or crossing. Dioscorea is a genus of over 600 species of flowering plants in the family dioscoreaceae, native throughout the tropical and warm temperate regions of the world. It is named after the ancient greek physician and botanist dioscorides. Many species of dioscorea contain sapogenin, a compound having medicinal value. Progress in yam breeding is constrained by variable flowering behaviour, making hybridization difficult.
Fertilization is an important management strategy of yams dioscorea spp. Belonging to the monocotyledon the dioscorea genus, under the family dioscoreaceae, there are about 450 known species mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical. The main yam species cultivated as a tuber crop in this region. There, this species is associated with millennia of cultivation and probably with the origins of agriculture. Yam clones may be dioecious, monoecious or hermaphrodite with variable sex ratios. Physicochemical and material properties of starches from three. Several days after pollination, 153 ovules were observed. Dioscorea alata has had to com pete with native species of yams in west africa, where it has be come a second or third best yam. Improved propagation methods to raise the productivity of. Pdf root distribution patterns of white yam dioscorea rotundata. Viral diseases, especially yam mosaic virus ymv, constitute a major constraint in the cultivation of this crop as they perpetuate through generations in the vegetatively propagated planting materials. Belonging to the monocotyledon the dioscorea genus, under the family dioscoreaceae, there are about 450 known. In this study, 26 in vivo pollinated ovaries with ovules were obtained from 43 pollinated flowers after 10, 20, 30, 40 days after pollination dap.
Growth and nutrient use efficiencies of yams dioscorea spp. Dioscorea yam species are made up of 6 genera of tuberous climbing plants. Growth and nutrient use efficiencies of yams dioscorea. The response of white yam dioscorea rotundata poir tuber. Media in category dioscorea rotundata the following 3 files are in this category, out of 3 total. Dioscorea rotundata african orphan crops consortium. This article is published with open access at abstract dioscorea rotundata, commonly known as white. Effect of photoperiod on the development of inflorescences in. First report of meloidogyne enterolobii causing tuber galling. The white yam dioscorea rotundata poir was characterized, drum dried to different moisture levels, and stored at temperatures of 21. Evaluation of six cultivars of white yam dioscorea rotundata across.
The results obtained suggests that the presence of carbohydrate, protein and fat is of primary importance for the survival and successful establishment of the pathogens within the tissue of yam. It serves as a staple food thus forming a major source of energy to the diet. This species of yam is an important food crop in parts of the indian subcontinent and particularly in equatorial w. The plants database includes the following 30 species of dioscorea. Drying characteristics of yam slices dioscorea rotundata in. Personal observations made in the zone from guinea to northern cameroon, however, long ago convinced the authors that rural. A field study evaluated the leaf numbers, leaf area indices, crop growth, yields, and nitrogen n and potassium k use efficiencies of d. Yam is the common name applied to plants of about 500 species of the genus dioscorea of the dioscoreaceae family. Flowering intensity in white yam dioscorea rotundata. A new approach to improvement of yam dioscorea rotundata nature. Abstract background and aims the control of dormancy in yam disocorea spp. Effects of methods of seedbed preparation and mulching on the growth and yield of white yam dioscorea rotundata on an ultisol in southeast nigeria. Improved propagation methods to raise the productivity of yam. Dioscorea rotundata is an economically important food crop in many tropical countries as many people in this region depend on it for food and livelihood.
The plant is often purposely grown at spare points on the land as an insurance against famine years, and is also encouraged in hedgerows around a farm and. Multiplication ratios are low, and seed tubers are prone to contamination with pests and pathogens in the traditional systems of production. Obtaining good quality planting material for yam cultivation is a major challenge. Dansi a, mignouna hd, zoundjihekpon j, sangare a, asiedu r, ahoussou n 2000 using isozyme polymorphism to assess genetic variation within cultivated yams dioscorea cayenensis dioscorea rotundata complex of the republic of benin. The aplication of mutation induction by gamma irradiation. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. The dioscorea spp examined included dioscorea rotundata white yam, d. It belongs to the family of dioscoreae within the genus dioscorea and serves as a staple crop in west africa. The aim of this study was to identify and define the phases of dormancy in dioscorea rotundata tubers, and to produce a framework within which dormancy can be more effectively studied. Drying characteristics of yam slices dioscorea rotundata. Dioscorea altissima dunguey dioscorea bulbifera air yam dioscorea cayenensis yellow guinea yam dioscorea composita yam dioscorea convolvulacea yam dioscorea dumetorum bitter yam.
White guinea yam dioscorea rotundata by michaelp oct 31, 2005 7. Domestication of yams dioscorea cayenensisrotundata within. Domestication of yams dioscorea cayenensisrotundata. Pdf the productivity of white yam dioscorea rotundata poir must increase to. Methods for highquality dna extraction and knowledge of sex expression and flowering time are essential for applying genomicassisted breeding and improve the success with hybridization in guinea yam. Five5 towns, kana,kofa gwari, laminga, garaku and kokona in keffi local government area, nasarawa state, nigeria were. Interspecific crossing between yam species dioscorea.
Yams boast a good fiber content, are low in fat, starchy and a bit dry. Researchers sequence guinea yam genome genetics sci. Efficient elimination of yam mosaic virus ymv from white. A dioecious or monoecious pattern of flowering and sometimes nonflowering is a common phenomenon within and between the dioscorea species. Micropropagation of white yam dioscorea rotundata poir. Plant regeneration from axillary bud derived callus in. Mineral and toxicant levels in yam dioscorea rotundata diets. Im trying to acquire as many as i can, and i trade mine when theres surplus. Efficient elimination of yam mosaic virus ymv from white yam. Pdf tuberisation was obtained in vitro on yam dioscorea. A study was carried out on the storage rot of yams dioscorea spp in keffi and environs, nasarawa state. Towards sustainable production of new varieties of.
Dioscorea rotundata diurooverview eppo global database. Methods plants of tdr 1 derived from tissue culture were grown in a glasshouse simulating temperature and photoperiod at ibadan 7n, nigeria to. Yams description yam is the common name for some plant species in the genus dioscorea family dioscoreaceae that form edible tubers. Freshly dried and reconstituted yam flakes were judged highly acceptable compared to conventionally mashed fresh yam.
Random amplified polymorphic dna rapd and microsatelliteprimed pcr mppcr analysis yielded 246 informative characters that were transformed into a matrix of pairwise distances. Under natural day length the male varieties flowered earlier than the female. Molecular marker based taxonomy and phylogeny of guinea yam. Originating in africa, yams dioscorea rotundata are tuberous vegetables very similar in appearance, but not related to sweet potatoes. They have a good nutritional profile and are a moderate source of important nutrients such as vitamin c and b vitamins, as well as potassium, copper and manganese.
One of the methods developed to address this limitation is the adapted yam minisett technique aymt and since 2012 the aymt has been promoted in both nigeria and. Some approaches to producing quality seed of yam are as follows. Guinea yams have been in cultivation in west africa. Article information, pdf download for domestication of yams dioscorea. Specie dioscorea rotundata is particularly susceptible to the virus yam mosaic virus ymv. Pdf tuber formation and development of dioscorea cayenensis. Yam production business plan download in nigeria myschooltrick. Yam tuber belongs to the family dioscoreacea and its. The domestication of yams dioscorea cayenensisrotundata is still an active.
A new approach to improvement of yam dioscorea rotundata. Other terms for yam are true yams, greater yam, tropical yam, and name. White or guinea yam dioscorea rotundata, grown for its underground tubers, is an important food in west africa. Dec 19, 2019 dioscorea yam species are made up of 6 genera of tuberous climbing plants. Four different molecular techniques were used to assess relationships among 21 accessions of guinea yam dioscorea rotundata and dioscorea cayenensis and 21 accessions belonging to seven putative progenitor species. Fungal pathogen, nutrient composition, dioscorea rotundata.
All investigated species fell into two main clusters, one comprising d. True yam plants are climbing perennial vines with heartshaped leaves. Molecular marker based taxonomy and phylogeny of guinea. The vast majority of the species are tropical, with only a few species extending into temperate climates.
Free fulltext pdf articles from hundreds of disciplines, all in one place plant regeneration from axillary bud derived callus in white yam dioscorea rotundata pdf paperity toggle navigation. Kokoro is one of its most important cultivars it is sometimes treated as separate species from dioscorea cayennensis its wild progenitor is dioscorea praehensilis. Dry rot dr disease caused by the root lesion nematode pratylenchus coffeae and internal dry rot disease caused by penicillium spp. Effect of photoperiod on the development of inflorescences. This study was conducted in bringakro 6 401n, 5 091w, 150 m alt. Evaluation of six cultivars of white yam dioscorea rotundata across three yamgrowing areas in southeastern nigeria volume 127 issue 4 c. Fulltext functional properties of bitter yam dioscorea dumetorum as influenced by soaking prior to ovendrying.
Dioscorea species constitute one of the staple carbohydrate foods for people in the tropics 2. Sample preservation and plant sex prediction in white. Oct 28, 2019 yam, a tropical crop in the genus dioscorea, has as many as 600 species out of which six are economically important staple species. A total of six yam genotypes, dioscorea rotundata poir tdr 1, tdr 335, tdr 9700925, tdr 9801230, tdr 98 00718 and tdr 9700940, obtained from the germplasm collection unit of iita were used to evaluate the tuberization potentials from vine cuttings of some yam clones. Plant regeneration from axillary bud derived callus in white yam dioscorea rotundata rajesh manoharan1 jaindra nath tripathi1 leena tripathi1 received. White yam dioscorea rotundata is a major root crop grown throughout west africa and a major limitation on its production is the availability of good quality i. It is sometimes treated as separate species from dioscorea cayennensis. Dioscorea rotundata white guinea yam, dioscorea alata yellow yam, dioscorea bulbifera aerial yam, dioscorea esculant chinese yam and dioscorea dumetorum trifoliate yam. Towards sustainable production of new varieties of dioscorea. Dioscorea rotundata and dioscorea cayennensis both known as guinea yams are the most popular and economically important yams in west and central africa where they are indigenous, while dioscorea alata referred to as water yam or greater yam is the most widely distributed species globally.
Mcf7 and mdamb231 derived from a luminal and triplenegative breast cancer tnbc respectively and to confirm safety in nontumour cells mcf10a using a well established cytotoxic compound paclitaxel as a standard. Pdf field performance of seed yam dioscorea rotundata. Fungal pathogen, nutrient composition, dioscorea rotundata dioscorea alata. Africa, where the starchy tuber is cooked and pounded into what resembles firm mashed potato for use as an accompaniment to stewed dishes. Contribution of aroma compounds to the antioxidant.
396 1289 416 1159 1128 1062 921 1228 654 111 879 819 897 1448 739 1351 236 1160 181 263 1288 481 1211 796 433 1181 1430 610 1195 1081 485 271 1012 827 227